«ОЧЕРЕДНЫЕ ЗАДАЧИ СОБСТВЕННО СОЦИОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ПОСТРОЕНИЯ» (ИЗ ЛЕКЦИЙ АКАДЕМИКА А. С. ЛАППО-ДАНИЛЕВСКОГО)

Алексей Валерьевич Малинов

doi:10.21638/11701/spbu12.2016.101

Authors

Алексей Валерьевич Малинов St. Petersburg State University, 7–9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu12.2016.101

Abstract

On the basis of the manuscript Scientific bases of sociology in their historical development by Aleksandr Sergeyevich Lappo-Danilevsky (1863-1919), Member of the Academy of Sciences, this article attempts a reconstruction of his views on current problems of contemporary social science. In his understanding of sociology, Lappo-Danilevsky relied on the teachings of Russian Neo-Kantians (A. I. Vvedenskii) trying to resolve the problem of ‘another self ’ as well as the tradition of German Neo-Kantians (Baden and Marburg schools). Among the ‘immediate tasks of sociological construction’ he singled out epistemological and historical trends. The epistemological direction is most fully embodied in neo-Kantian sociology. The historical direction moved closer to cultural history and ethnography. Considering the epistemological interpretation of social phenomena to be the most promising branch of sociology, in particular, the version of the study of “pure forms of sociation” that Georg Simmel had proposed, Lappo-Danilevsky as a professional historian recognized the importance of historical sociology. The epistemological and historical trends in many respects duplicate the methodological separation of the sciences, which had been proposed by German Neo-Kantians. Thus, the epistemological approach adopts a nomothetic point of view, while the historic approach an ideographic one. In general, Lappo-Danilevsky stuck to a moral interpretation of social relations. Without recognition of the psychic life of another person there can be no social relationships or social order, but recognition is the result of the compulsory force of «moral sense», referring to the other person as an end in itself, not only as a means. The social world thus turns out to be the ‘kingdom of ends’ of which Kant wrote. The article quotes from a manuscript of Lappo-Danilevsky, which allows one to form a fuller picture of his sociological heritage. Refs 5.

Keywords:

Lappo-Danilevsky, sociology, history, neo-kantianism, deontology, “another self ”

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References

Литература

Санкт-Петербургский филиал Архива РАН. Ф. 113. Оп. 1. Ед. хр. 331. 467 л.

Санкт-Петербургский филиал Архива РАН. Ф. 113. Оп. 1. Ед. хр. 344. 456 л.

Лаппо-Данилевский А. С. Методология истории. СПб.: Студенческий издательский комитет при историко-филологическом факультете, 1910–1913. Вып. I–II. 799 с.

Лаппо-Данилевский А. С. Общее обозрение (Summa) основных принципов обществоведения // Вопросы философии. 2013. № 12. С. 96–105.

Малинов А. В. «Психофизический закон» А. И. Введенского и его критики // Александр Иванович Введенский и его философская эпоха. СПб.: Изд-во С.-Петерб. ун-та, 2006. С. 73–128.

References

Sankt-Peterburgskii fi lial arkhiva RAN [St. Petersburg branch of the RAS Archive]. F. 113. Op. 1. Ed. khr. 331. 467 l. (In Russian)

Sankt-Peterburgskii fi lial arkhiva RAN [St. Petersburg branch of the RAS Archive]. F. 113. Op. 1. Ed. khr. 344. 456 l. (In Russian)

Lappo-Danilevskii A. S. Metodologiia istorii [Methodology of history]. St. Petersburg, Studencheskii izdatel’skii komitet pri Istoriko-fi lologicheskom fakul’tete, 1910–1913 [Student Publishing Committee of the Faculty of History and Philology, 1910–1913]. Issue I–II. 799 p. (In Russian)

Lappo-Danilevskii A. S. Obshchee obozrenie (Summa) osnovnykh printsipov obshchestvovedeniia [General review (Summa) the basic principles of social science]. Voprosy filosofii [Problems of Philosophy], 2013, no. 12, pp. 96–105. (In Russian)

Malinov A. V. «Psikhofi zicheskii zakon» A. I. Vvedenskogo i ego kritiki [“Th e psychophysical law” of A.I. Vvedensky and his critics]. Aleksandr Ivanovich Vvedenskii i ego filosofskaia epokha [Alexander Vvedensky and his philosophical epoch]. St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg University Press, 2006, pp. 73–128. (In Russian)